THE HISTORICAL TRACES OF ANCIENT SUMERIAN LANGUAGE IN DIALECT LEXIS OF AZERBAIJAN AND TURKISH LANGUAGE

National affiliation of ancient Sumerian language is one of problematic problems create serious conflict in the world linguistics. These are the serious fact putan end to conflicts modern Turkic languages ancient Sumerian and dialect of the comparative investigation. The historical dialectological facts is shows being specific place all-Turkish languages and dialects between the dialects of Nakhchivan and Eastern Anatoly. The efficient situation in the dialects modern Nakhchivan and Eastren Anatolyan dialects is one of defining basic factors of the ancient Sumerian language Orhon inscriptions, eposes of the "Kitabi Dede Korkut", in the İbn Muhenna dictionary, in the "Oğuzname", in the work "Divany lugat-it Türk", of the Turkish folk-lore, the century XIX of the literary works and modern Turk dialects classic until words developed is one of defining basic factors position the between all-Turkish dialect and dialects of the Nakhchivan and Eastren Anadolyan dialects. The comparison Sumerian language of the Nakhchivan and Eastern Anatolyan dialects is being affirms of the dictionaries prepared on the basis of the ancient Turkish language.The phonetic, lexical facts be reflected of the ancient Sumerian language in the works Sturtevantin "A Hittite Glossory ve Suppelment to a Hittite Glossary" and the work “The historical connection of the Sumer and Turkic languages by about age of the Turkish” Osman Nedim Tunaʼs, “The Sumerian language is decisively the Turkish” and the work A.Caliloğluʼs to work according to with elucidating passed up to this day and the comparison Nakhcivan and Anatolyan dialects affirms being the most ancient language of the Turkish. Many words in the ancient Sumerian language involves for the attention by the same phonetic composition and semantic meaning adjoining by dialects of Nakhchivan and Anatoly dialects by words in the language of the other ancient Turk monuments: yağı, yu, kul, yığın, yig, çağa, çak, köğüs, gid, fani, yogun, qalın, tügün, bağlam, çin, doğru, eke, üz, kəsmək, süz, tuş, öl, teηri, taη, neη, isig, azuk, sürüg, asgu, kapkacak, kaç, kuru, neme, korı, toku, togıra, dengüş, zevzek, dingilde, cengel, qaqa//qağa, gim, kalıη, ku, öbür and other. The interesting side like is involves for the attention in Sumerian language for instance, kıdık//kidik qidiyh koduk, kuzu, köşək, küçük of the animal names develop in the Nakhchivan and Anatoly dialects.National affiliation of ancient Sumerian language is one of problematic problems create serious conflict in the world linguistics. These are the serious fact putan end to conflicts modern Turkic languages ancient Sumerian and dialect of the comparative investigation. The historical dialectological facts is shows being specific place all-Turkish languages and dialects between the dialects of Nakhchivan and Eastern Anatoly. The efficient situation in the dialects modern Nakhchivan and Eastren Anatolyan dialects is one of defining basic factors of the ancient Sumerian language Orhon inscriptions, eposes of the "Kitabi Dede Korkut", in the İbn Muhenna dictionary, in the "Oğuzname", in the work "Divany lugat-it Türk", of the Turkish folk-lore, the century XIX of the literary works and modern Turk dialects classic until words developed is one of defining basic factors position the between all-Turkish dialect and dialects of the Nakhchivan and Eastren Anadolyan dialects. The comparison Sumerian language of the Nakhchivan and Eastern Anatolyan dialects is being affirms of the dictionaries prepared on the basis of the ancient Turkish language.The phonetic, lexical facts be reflected of the ancient Sumerian language in the works Sturtevantin "A Hittite Glossory ve Suppelment to a Hittite Glossary" and the work “The historical connection of the Sumer and Turkic languages by about age of the Turkish” Osman Nedim Tunaʼs, “The Sumerian language is decisively the Turkish” and the work A.Caliloğluʼs to work according to with elucidating passed up to this day and the comparison Nakhcivan and Anatolyan dialects affirms being the most ancient language of the Turkish. Many words in the ancient Sumerian language involves for the attention by the same phonetic composition and semantic meaning adjoining by dialects of Nakhchivan and Anatoly dialects by words in the language of the other ancient Turk monuments: yağı, yu, kul, yığın, yig, çağa, çak, köğüs, gid, fani, yogun, qalın, tügün, bağlam, çin, doğru, eke, üz, kəsmək, süz, tuş, öl, teηri, taη, neη, isig, azuk, sürüg, asgu, kapkacak, kaç, kuru, neme, korı, toku, togıra, dengüş, zevzek, dingilde, cengel, qaqa//qağa, gim, kalıη, ku, öbür and other. The interesting side like is involves for the attention in Sumerian language for instance, kıdık//kidik qidiyh koduk, kuzu, köşək, küçük of the animal names develop in the Nakhchivan and Anatoly dialects

Religious Poetry and Musical Performance under King Hammurāpi of Babylon and His Successors

Mit Beginn des 2. Jt. v. Chr. erlebt Mesopotamien einen historischen Wandel auf politischer, sozialer und religiöser Ebene. Aus dem Westen einwandernde so genannte amurritische Dynastien übernehmen die politische Macht in Zentralbabylonien, wo sie ihr eigenes ,akkadi-sches‘ Erbe begründen. Ursprüngliche sumerische Traditionen Südmesopotamiens werden dabei entweder aufrechterhalten, überlagert oder aufgegeben. Vermehrt sind Neuerungen unter König Hammurāpi und seinen Nachfolgern zu verzeichnen. Basierend auf der keilschriftlichen Überlieferung werden in diesem Kapitel Wandlungsprozesse mit Auswirkungen auf die Tempel- und Hofmusik identifiziert und analysiert. Hierbei wird auch der Frage nach den Initiatoren solcher Prozesse und ihrer politischen wie kulturellen Motivation nachgegangen

Language and Dialect Identification of Cuneiform Texts

This article introduces a corpus of cuneiform texts from which the dataset for the use of the Cuneiform Language Identification (CLI) 2019 shared task was derived as well as some preliminary language identification experiments conducted using that corpus. We also describe the CLI dataset and how it was derived from the corpus. In addition, we provide some baseline language identification results using the CLI dataset. To the best of our knowledge, the experiments detailed here are the first time automatic language identification methods have been used on cuneiform data

Samuel Noah Kramer: 10-06-1981

Samuel Noah Kramer was a Sumerian history and language expert and the author of over 25 books and 150 articles on Sumer. He begins the interview by reading a piece of Sumerian literature and continues by discussing what Sumerian literature is about, the time period it was written in, and the types of literature that the Sumerians wrote. He discusses how he got into cuneiform, the system of writing developed by the Sumerians, and talks about coming to the United States as a child. Kramer concludes the interview by discussing how he became an archaeologist.https://digitalcommons.brockport.edu/writers_videos/1020/thumbnail.jp

Writing Sumerian, Creating Texts: Reflections on Text-building Practices in Old Babylonian Schools

Sumerian lexical and literary compositions both emerged from the same social sphere, namely scribal education. The complexities of inter-compositional dependence in these two corpora have not been thoroughly explored, particularly as relevant to questions of text-building during the Old Babylonian period (c. 1800–1600 bce). Copying practices evident in lexical texts indicate that students and scholars adopted various methods of replication, including visual copying, copying from memory, and ad hoc innovation. They were not confined to reproducing a received text. Such practices extend to copying literary compositions. A study of compositions from Advanced Lexical Education in comparison with several literary compositions shows a complex inter-dialectic between the corpora, in which lexical compositions demonstrate dependence on literary compositions and vice versa. Thus, Old Babylonian students and scholars could experiment with multiple text-building practices, drawing on their knowledge of the lexical and the literary, regularly creating new versions of familiar compositions

History of writing and record keeping

The ultimate cause of much historical, social and cultural change is the gradual accumulation of human knowledge of the environment. Human beings use the materials in their environment to meet their needs and increased human knowledge of the environment enables human needs to be met in a more efficient manner. The human environment includes the human being itself and the human ability to communicate by means of language and to make symbolic representations of the sounds produced by language, allowed the development of writing. Writing developed over time in a necessary and inevitable manner from logographic, to syllabic, to alphabetical systems. This development from simpler word based writing to more complex syllable based systems and then even more complex sound based writing systems was a logical progression from, simple less useful systems, to more complex, but more useful systems. This is an example of how the simplest knowledge is acquired first and more complex knowledge is acquired later. The order of discovery determines the course of human social and cultural history as knowledge of new and more efficient means of meeting human needs, results in new technology, which results in the development of new social and ideological systems. This means human social and cultural history, has to follow a particular course, a course that is determined by the structure of the human environment

Gatekeepers and lock masters: the control of access in the Neo-Assyrian palaces

Book description: This volume is intended as a tribute to the memory of the Sumerologist Jeremy Black, who died in 2004. The Sumerian phrase, ‘Your praise is sweet’ is commonly addressed to a deity at the close of a work of Sumerian literature. The scope of the thirty contributions, from Sumerology to the nineteenth-century rediscovery of Mesopotamia, is testament to Jeremy’s own wide-ranging interests and to his ability to forge scholarly connections and friendships among all who shared his interest in ancient Iraq